Analysis of fragrance composition in three cultivars of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Osmanthus fragrans</Emphasis> Albus group flower by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

With supercritical CO2 fluid extraction(SCFE), essential oil was extracted from three cultivars of Xianning osmanthus. The fresh osmanthus flower was processed with a petroleum ether digestion method to produce the extractum. The yields of essential oil and extractum were 0.19 % and 0.13 % (m/m) respectively. The essential oil and fragrance composition and content extracted were analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The result showed that essential oil contained 36.99%(area/total area) of ionone, ionol and 13.11% of linalool; ionone and ionol contained in extractum were as high as up to 33.33%, while linalool up to 21.92%. Whether essential oil or extractum contains only about 40% fat acid and other ester matters. None of environmental estrogen (phthalic ester) was found in fragrance ingredients. The result also showed that the quality of O. fragrans Albus group fragrance in Xianning is better than that produced in Hangzhou and Anhui districts.     

液体磁性磨具基液改性实验分析

为克服液体磁性磨具在加工工件后再分散稳定性和抗沉降稳定性的不足,通过实验研究得知,六偏磷酸钠和聚丙烯酸(PAA)对磁性颗粒的分散稳定性及沉降稳定性均有较好的控制作用;加入纳米二氧化硅能够更有效地提高液体磁性磨具的沉降稳定性,有助于改善液体磁性磨具的再分散性能。     

电解槽内异型凸台对电解质/铝液界面波动的影响

针对铝电解槽内电解质/铝液界面的波动现象,基于计算流体动力学(CFD)的方法建立了铝电解槽内电解质/铝液两相流体流动的数学模型.使用Fluent软件的流体体积自由面跟踪法和自定义函数,研究了阴极凸台对电解质/铝液界面波动的影响.结果表明,异型凸台的加入使得两相界面的波动幅度降低了17.2%,但凸台的存在同时也使得熔体对侧部槽帮冲刷增强.     

Parametric effects on the combustion flow field of a typical strut-based scramjet combustor

The flame-holding mechanism in hypersonic propulsion technology is the most important factor in prolonging the duration time of hypersonic vehicles.The two-dimensional coupled implicit Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations,the shear-stress transport k-ω turbulence model and the finite-rate/eddy-dissipation reaction models were used to simulate the combustion flow field of a typical strut-based scramjet combustor.We investigated the effects of the hydrogen-air reaction mechanism and fuel injection temperature and pressure on the parametric distributions in the combustor.The numerical results show qualitative agreement with the experimental data.The hydrogen-air reaction mechanism makes only a slight difference in parametric distributions along the walls of the combustor,and the expansion waves and shock waves exist in the combustor simultaneously.Furthermore,the expansion wave is formed ahead of the shock wave.A transition occurs from the shock wave to the normal shock wave when the injection pressure or temperature increases,and the reaction zone becomes broader.When the injection pressure and temperature both increase,the waves are pushed out of the combustor with subsonic flows.When the waves are generated ahead of the strut,the separation zone is formed in double near the walls of the combustor because of the interaction of the shock wave and the boundary layer.The separation zone becomes smaller and disappears with the disappearance of the shock wave.Because of the horizontal fuel injection,the vorticity is generated near the base face of the strut,and this region is the main origin for turbulent combustion.     

盘式磁流变液阻尼器的简化逆动态模型

针对磁流变液阻尼器高度非线性特性导致的控制难问题,提出一种简化的逆动态模型.该模型可由速度反馈算法或力反馈算法实现,可以用来计算磁流变液的屈服应力或输入电流,使磁流变液阻尼器实时地产生一个阻尼力,并确保该阻尼力达到从各种优化算法中获得的目标控制力.在此基础上将盘式磁流变液阻尼器应用于力反馈系统中,并将简化逆动态模型用于...     

柴油机气缸盖传热规律研究

利用Star CCM+软件,采用多面体网格技术和基于流体体积函数方法(VOF)的两相流沸腾模型,对单缸柴油机气缸盖的冷却传热进行了流-固耦合仿真计算,通过气缸盖的测试温度对仿真结果进行了校验.在此基础上,对气缸盖的传热规律进行了研究.研究表明,单缸柴油机负荷增加时,气缸盖冷却水壁面排气门鼻梁区的传热系数HTC呈现出在较小负荷增加迅速,在较大负荷增加变缓的规律;气缸盖向冷却水传递的热流量则随单缸柴油机负荷的提高呈现出加速上升的趋势,转速为2 000r.min-1时,单缸柴油机功率由44kW增加到61kW,气缸盖传递给冷却水的热流量增幅为31.4%;功率由61kW增加到80kW,气缸盖传递给冷却水的热流量增幅为61.3%.     

基于深腾7000系统的大规模CFD并行计算

从基本流动控制方程及数值离散、多重网格、并行算法等方面详细阐述了混合网格框架下计算流体力学软件的基本原理,提出了采用三重嵌套循环结构在时间推进格式中实现多重网格加速及并行计算技术的主流程设计方案;同时给出了高精度混合网格并行计算软件在深腾7000系统上的大规模并行测试结果以及在某型民用飞机高升力流场数值模拟中的应用.结果表明:此高精度混合网格并行计算软件在采用千万网格点规模的大型飞机高升力复杂流场计算时,不仅计算结果与实验结果符合较好,且在2 048核并行计算时仍具有很好的并行可扩展性,计算效率不低于80%.     

共溶剂对超临界流体负载药物的影响

以自制的空心多孔SiO₂纳米球为吸附介质,采用超临界流体技术负载阿维菌素药物,考察了不同的共溶剂及其不同用量对这种纳米载体载药量的影响,并研究了负载后的药物在不同溶出介质中的缓释行为。结果表明：对于这种纳米空心载体,用超临界流体技术负载阿维菌素药物时,加入的共溶剂极性越大,载药量越大,但载药量还受溶剂黏度的影响;对于任何一种共溶剂,加入量过多或过少都不能达到最大的载药量;溶出介质的种类和浓度对负载后药物的释放速率都有明显影响。     

MIP-CGP工艺专用催化剂CGP-1HN的工业应用

中国石化海南炼油化工有限公司2.8 Mt/a MIP-CGP催化裂化装置自首次开工以来,一直使用与之工艺相配套的,由中国石油化工科学院研究院开发的CGP-1HN催化剂,其工业应用结果表明该催化剂可提高液化气中的丙烯的收率,降低汽油中的烯烃。     

喷射泵湍流场及外特性数值模拟

对于喷射泵湍流场,采用k-ε湍流模型,在不同喷嘴入口流速条件下进行了数值模拟,给出了流场的速度分布、压力分布以及湍动能分布曲线。对流场特性分析表明,湍动能在喷嘴出口处和扩散管初段出现峰值,喷嘴出口处无量纲湍动能峰值位于不同的的径向位置,而扩散管初段的无量纲湍动能峰值则处于同一径向位置上。分析外特性结果表明,湍流场数值模拟结果与理论值吻合较好。最后分析了影响喷射泵的效率的因素,提出了在低流量比范围内的主要因素为流体混合损失,而在高流量比范围内的主要因素为喉管和扩散管摩擦损失。研究结果对进一步数值模拟以及工程应用有指导意义。